American Toad

Scientific Name: Anaxyrus americanus
(Formerly: Bufo americanus)
Family: Bufonidae

Description and Size

  • Dry, warty skin
  • Short fore and hind limbs compared to the other frogs of the state
  • Flattened face
  • Short, wide, and kidney shaped gland behind each eye (paratoid glands) that does not touch a ridge of skin (cranial crest) on the top of the head
  • Cranial crest does not converge towards the nose
  • Larger warts on the lower parts of the legs than the upper
  • Total length: 5.0-11.0 cm (2.0-4.3 in)
  • Back color: brown, reddish-brown, or olive green
  • Dark spots on the back contain either 1 or 2 warts
  • Belly color: white with black spots

Habitat

  • Riparian woodlands
  • Deciduous forests
  • Wetlands
  • Along the Missouri River

Diet

  • Arthropods
  • Worms
  • Other amphibians

American Toad Call

Click here to listen

Life History

  • Nocturnal, sometimes diurnal
  • Active season: Mid-April – October
  • Breeding season: Mid-spring
  • Lays eggs
  • Several clutches of 10,000+ eggs per female

Range

American Toad Range Map

Most common range within the last 50 years and does not include outliers. For more info email dferraro1@unl.edu.